Far-infrared sauna rooms rely on radiant heating and have strong airtightness. Although there is no combustion exhaust gas, ventilation design is still crucial. Good ventilation can maintain the balance of temperature and humidity, discharge harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, and ensure health and safety; improper design is likely to lead to stale air and uneven temperature, affecting the experience. Therefore, scientific ventilation is a core link in its construction.
I. Core Principles of Ventilation Design for Far-Infrared Sauna Rooms
Its ventilation design needs to balance "not damaging the temperature field and airtight humidity control", with three core principles:
(1) Safety Priority Principle
The primary task is to ensure air safety, control the carbon dioxide concentration below 1000ppm, prevent local oxygen deficiency, and create a safe breathing environment.
(2) Temperature Balance Principle
It is necessary to avoid ventilation damaging the radiant temperature field, prevent local humidity accumulation, ensure the vertical temperature difference in the room is ≤ 3℃, and guarantee a uniform heating experience.
(3) Energy Efficiency Principle
Heat loss is concentrated in an airtight environment. It is necessary to balance ventilation and energy conservation through precise volume control, insulated pipelines, and linked adjustment to reduce operating costs.
II. Core Design Scheme of Ventilation System for Far-Infrared Sauna Rooms
Its ventilation system only includes exhaust equipment, and the core logic is "single air outlet negative pressure drainage" — exhaust from the top forms negative pressure, and fresh air naturally seeps in through the gaps of the room without the need for an air inlet. The key design lies in the layout of the air outlet, air volume control, and selection of ventilation methods.
(1) Layout Design of Air Outlet
The air outlet is exclusively set at the top center or the corner above the head (10-20cm away from the ceiling). For household use (3-5㎡), the area is 0.015-0.02㎡; for commercial use (10-20㎡), it is 0.03-0.05㎡, adopting a detachable grille + dust screen design. It is necessary to avoid the radiant area of the heater, ensure the room has natural air intake channels, and install 5-8mm micro air vents if the airtightness is too strong.
(2) Precise Control of Air Volume
The air volume needs to adapt to the characteristics of negative pressure ventilation: 15-35 m³/h for household use and 60-100 m³/h for commercial use. It can be dynamically adjusted through an air volume regulating valve: minimum air volume during preheating, standard air volume when fully occupied, and maximum air volume for 15-20 minutes after shutdown. It can be combined with an intelligent system to achieve linked adjustment of temperature and volume.
Ventilation methods are divided into natural exhaust and mechanical exhaust: natural exhaust is only applicable to low-airtight household rooms ≤ 3㎡, which needs to strengthen the drainage design, and the effect is greatly affected by the environment; mechanical exhaust is the preferred method, selecting 3-12W high-temperature resistant and quiet exhaust fans (IPX4+). For large commercial areas, multi-point top exhaust can be adopted. The pipelines are made of materials resistant to temperature ≥ 120℃ + 25-30mm thermal insulation cotton, and the joints are sealed to prevent air leakage.
III. Key Notes for Ventilation Design of Far-Infrared Sauna Rooms
Key notes: 1. Pipeline insulation and sealing: Select temperature-resistant pipes + 25-30mm thermal insulation cotton, install drain valves, and seal joints with high-temperature sealant; 2. Prevention of excessive negative pressure: Control negative pressure at 5-10Pa, install adjustable micro air vents, and select variable frequency exhaust fans; 3. Regular maintenance: Clean the air outlet weekly, replace the dust screen monthly, clean the pipeline quarterly, inspect equipment every six months, and check air intake channels; 4. Coordinated heating: Realize linked control of ventilation and heating, and install carbon dioxide sensors to ensure safety.
（三）定期清洁与维护
桑拿房内的高温高湿环境容易导致通风口、管道内积聚污垢、霉菌与细菌，影响通风效果与空气质量。因此，通风系统的进排风口应设计为可拆卸结构，便于定期清洁；通风管道应预留检修口，定期检查管道内的积尘与腐蚀情况，及时清理与维护；机械通风设备需定期检查电机运行状态，添加润滑油，确保设备稳定运行。
Common problems and solutions: 1. Stale air: Increase air volume and clean blockages in air intake channels and air outlets; 2. Uneven temperature: Reduce air volume, fine-tune the position of the air outlet, and install guide strips; 3. Mold and odor in pipelines: Thicken thermal insulation cotton, regularly drain and clean, and install one-way valves and activated carbon bags; 4. High energy consumption and slow heating: Reduce preheating air volume, repair air leakage points, and thicken thermal insulation cotton.
IV. Conclusion
The core of ventilation for far-infrared sauna rooms is "single air outlet negative pressure drainage". It is necessary to combine the characteristics of no air inlet, follow the three core principles, and achieve both experience and safety through precise design and coordinated control. Emphasis should be placed on ensuring negative pressure balance and maintenance to achieve a high-quality sauna experience.
